Hira P R
Trop Geogr Med. 1975 Mar;27(1):83-92.
The two molluscan intermediate hosts of S. haematobium schistosomiasis: Bulinus africanus and Bulinus globosus, were found most commonly in habitats that retained water for a substantial part of the year rather than in temporary rain-filled pools. Biomphalaria pfeifferi which transmits S. mansoni were found principally in streams and impoundments like dams but scarce in rivers. In a permanent habitat, the peak density of snails was between the warm, dry months of August and September while in a temporary habitat B. (Physopsis) sp. were most abundant towards the end of the rainy season in March and April. The influence of rainfall and the prevailing the temperature on the fluctuations in the density of snails populations is considered. Further, the low infection rate in snails found in the field is discussed in relation to the critical effect of temperature on this feature. The problem of increasing migration of rural inhabitants to the peri-urban areas and the possible escalation of prevalence rates is considered in relation to the control measures that may be instituted in view of the substantial body of base-line data now available to effect focal control.
非洲小泡螺和球形小泡螺，最常见于一年中大部分时间都有水留存的栖息地，而非临时积水的水塘。传播曼氏血吸虫的费氏双脐螺主要见于溪流和诸如水坝之类的蓄水池，在河流中则很稀少。在永久性栖息地，蜗牛的密度峰值出现在温暖干燥的8月和9月；而在临时性栖息地，（舟形螺属）某种蜗牛在3月和4月雨季末期最为繁多。文中考虑了降雨和当时的温度对蜗牛种群密度波动的影响。此外，还结合温度对这一特征的关键作用，讨论了在野外发现的蜗牛感染率较低的问题。鉴于目前已有大量基线数据可用于实施重点防控，文中结合可能采取的防控措施，考虑了农村居民向城郊地区迁移增加以及患病率可能上升的问题。
