Unlü K, Kivanç S
Department of Environmental Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey.
Waste Manag Res. 2001 Jun;19(3):229-48. doi: 10.1177/0734242X0101900305.
Land treatment as a disposal technology has been extensively used for the disposal of oily wastes. Effective management of land treatment sites require optimal operation of the system in order to achieve the fastest and most complete degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons without contamination of the environment. This paper describes a model that can be used for optimising the operation of land treatment sites for oily wastes. The model is composed of system simulator and optimisation submodels. Conceptually, the system simulation submodel is composed of a waste mixing zone, lower treatment zone and aquifer modules. The system simulation model allows for periodic waste applications and determines the spatial and temporal variation of the state variables such as phase summed (total) and aqueous phase contaminant concentrations and water content in the system. The optimisation submodel coupled with the system simulator determines the optimal values of system control variables, such as waste loading rate, infiltration rate, water content, frequency of waste application and the dimensions of the land treatment site. Optimisation of these system control variables is accomplished by maximising the hydrocarbon mass removal from the waste mixing zone under the constraint of satisfying a prespecified water quality criteria in the aquifer. Selected model applications are presented to demonstrate the applicability and utility of the model. Such model applications include determination of the optimal operating conditions for the land treatment of oily wastes under various different site and soil environmental conditions and practical waste disposal scenarios.
土地处理作为一种处置技术已被广泛用于处置含油废物。为实现石油烃的最快且最完全降解同时不污染环境，对土地处理场地进行有效管理需要该系统的优化运行。本文描述了一种可用于优化含油废物土地处理场地运行的模型。该模型由系统模拟器和优化子模型组成。从概念上讲，系统模拟子模型由废物混合区、下部处理区和含水层模块组成。系统模拟模型允许定期进行废物施用，并确定系统中状态变量的空间和时间变化，如相总和（总计）以及水相污染物浓度和含水量。与系统模拟器相结合的优化子模型确定系统控制变量的最优值，如废物加载速率、渗透率、含水量、废物施用频率以及土地处理场地的尺寸。通过在满足含水层中预先指定水质标准的约束条件下，使从废物混合区去除的烃质量最大化，来实现对这些系统控制变量的优化。给出了选定的模型应用案例，以证明该模型的适用性和实用性。此类模型应用包括确定在各种不同场地和土壤环境条件以及实际废物处置场景下含油废物土地处理的最佳运行条件。
