Atkinson J C, Baum B J
Department of Oral Medicine, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD, USA.
J Dent Educ. 2001 Oct;65(10):1096-101.
Saliva provides the principal protective milieu for teeth by modulating oral microbial ecosystems and reversing the initial phases of caries development. Patients with inadequate salivary function are at increased risk for dental decay. Therefore, it is likely that therapies that increase overall fluid output of these individuals will reverse early carious lesions. The most common causes of salivary dysfunction are medication usage, Sjögren's syndrome, and damage of salivary parenchyma during therapeutic irradiation. For patients with remaining functional acinar tissue, treatment with the parasypathomimetic secretogogues pilocarpine and Cevimeline may provide relief. However, these medications do not benefit all patients. The possibilities of using gene therapy and tissue engineering to develop treatments for those with severe salivary dysfunction are discussed.
唾液通过调节口腔微生物生态系统并逆转龋齿发展的初始阶段，为牙齿提供了主要的保护环境。唾液功能不足的患者患龋齿的风险增加。因此，增加这些个体总体液体分泌量的疗法可能会逆转早期龋损。唾液功能障碍最常见的原因是药物使用、干燥综合征以及治疗性放射期间唾液腺实质的损伤。对于仍有功能性腺泡组织的患者，使用拟副交感神经分泌促进剂毛果芸香碱和西维美林进行治疗可能会有所帮助。然而，这些药物并非对所有患者都有益。本文讨论了利用基因治疗和组织工程为严重唾液功能障碍患者开发治疗方法的可能性。
