Shen D S, He R, Ren G P, Traore I, Feng X S
Department of Environment and Resource, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China.
J Environ Sci (China). 2001 Oct;13(4):508-13.
Population development of key groups of anaerobic and aerobic bacteria involved in municipal refuse decomposition under laboratory landfill bioreactors with and without leachate recycle and inoculation was measured since modeling municipal refuse was landfilled in bioreactors for about 210 days. Hydrolytic fermentative bacteria (HFB), hydrogen-producing acetogenic bacteria (HPAB), methane-producing bacteria (MPB), sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), anaerobic and aerobic cellulolytic bacteria and denitrabacteria were enumerated by the most probable number technique. The results showed that the dominant microorganism groups were the methanogenic bacteria including hydrolytic fermentative, hydrogen-producing acetogenic and methane-producing bacteria. They were present in fresh refuse but at low values and positively affected by leachate recycle and refuse inoculation. The amounts of HFB or HPAB in digesters D4 and D5 operated with inoculation and leachate recycle reached their maximum values of 10(10)-10(12) cells/g dry refuse for HFB or 10(5)-10(6) cells/g dry refuse for HPAB on day 60, in digester D3 operated with leachate recycle on day 120 for HFB (10(9) cells/g dry refuse) or on day 90 for HPAB (10(5) cells/g dry refuse), and in digesters D1 and D2 on day 210 for HFB (10(9) cells/g dry refuse) or on day 90 for HPAB (10(4)-10(6) cells/g dry refuse). The population of methane-producing bacteria in digesters D4 and D5 sharply increased on days 60 and 90 respectively, however in digesters D1, D2 and D3 on day 120. Leachate recycle and inoculation changed the cellulolytic microorganisms composition of refuse ecosystem, the higher amounts of anaerobic cellulolytic bacteria were measured in digesters D4 and D5 (10(7) cells/g dry refuse), followed by digesters D3 (10(6) cells/g dry refuse), D2 or D1(10(4) cells/g dry refuse). However, the amounts of aerobic cellulolytic bacteria were much lower than that of anaerobic cellulolytic bacteria. And it was higher in digester D3 than those in digesters D1, D2, D4 and D5. The amounts of SRB and denitrabacteria were also higher in digester D5 than those in digesters D1, D2, D3 and D4. Refuse decomposition could be accelerated by leachate recycle and inoculation in the view of microorganism development.
在实验室垃圾填埋生物反应器中，对有无渗滤液循环及接种情况下参与城市垃圾分解的厌氧和好氧关键菌群的种群发展进行了测量，因为模拟城市垃圾在生物反应器中填埋约210天。采用最大概率数技术对水解发酵细菌（HFB）、产氢产乙酸细菌（HPAB）、产甲烷细菌（MPB）、硫酸盐还原细菌（SRB）、厌氧和好氧纤维素分解细菌及反硝化细菌进行计数。结果表明，优势微生物菌群是产甲烷细菌，包括水解发酵、产氢产乙酸和产甲烷细菌。它们存在于新鲜垃圾中但数量较少，渗滤液循环和垃圾接种对其有积极影响。在接种并进行渗滤液循环的D4和D5消化器中，HFB的数量在第60天达到最大值，为10(10)-10(12)个细胞/克干垃圾，HPAB的数量为10(5)-10(6)个细胞/克干垃圾；在仅进行渗滤液循环的D3消化器中，HFB在第120天达到最大值（10(9)个细胞/克干垃圾），HPAB在第90天达到最大值（10(5)个细胞/克干垃圾）；在D1和D2消化器中，HFB在第210天达到最大值（10(9)个细胞/克干垃圾），HPAB在第90天达到最大值（10(4)-10(6)个细胞/克干垃圾）。D4和D5消化器中产甲烷细菌的数量分别在第60天和第90天急剧增加，而D1、D2和D3消化器中产甲烷细菌的数量在第120天增加。渗滤液循环和接种改变了垃圾生态系统中纤维素分解微生物的组成，在D4和D5消化器中测得的厌氧纤维素分解细菌数量较多（10(7)个细胞/克干垃圾），其次是D3消化器（10(6)个细胞/克干垃圾），D2或D1消化器（10(4)个细胞/克干垃圾）。然而，好氧纤维素分解细菌的数量远低于厌氧纤维素分解细菌。并且D3消化器中的好氧纤维素分解细菌数量高于D1、D2、D4和D5消化器。D5消化器中SRB和反硝化细菌的数量也高于D1、D2、D3和D4消化器。从微生物发展的角度来看，渗滤液循环和接种可以加速垃圾分解。
