Willott J F, Hnath Chisolm T, Lister J J
Department of Psychology, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA.
Audiol Neurootol. 2001 Sep-Oct;6(5):231-49. doi: 10.1159/000046129.
Literature and ideas are reviewed concerning the modulation of presbycusis - the influence of variables that can alter the severity and/or time course of presbycusis or counteract its negative aspects. Eleven topics are identified: variables related to biological aging; genetics; noise-induced hearing loss; moderately augmented acoustic environment; neural plasticity and the central auditory system; neural plasticity and hearing aids; socioeconomic and cultural barriers to hearing aid use; lifestyle (diet, exercise, etc.); medical variables; pharmaceutical interventions for presbycusis, and cognitive variables. It is concluded that the field of otogerontology will best be served by a comprehensive, integrative interaction among basic researchers and clinical scientists who will continue to learn how the auditory problems associated with presbycusis can be intentionally modulated in beneficial ways.
本文综述了有关老年性聋调节的文献和观点，即探讨能够改变老年性聋严重程度和/或病程，或抵消其负面影响的各种变量的影响。确定了11个主题：与生物衰老相关的变量；遗传学；噪声性听力损失；适度增强的声学环境；神经可塑性与中枢听觉系统；神经可塑性与助听器；使用助听器的社会经济和文化障碍；生活方式（饮食、运动等）；医学变量；老年性聋的药物干预，以及认知变量。得出的结论是，老年听力学领域若要得到最佳发展，基础研究人员和临床科学家之间需进行全面、综合的互动，他们要不断了解如何以有益的方式对与老年性聋相关的听觉问题进行有意调节。
