21世纪的视神经保护、再生与修复：第58届爱德华·杰克逊纪念讲座
Optic nerve protection, regeneration, and repair in the 21st century: LVIII Edward Jackson Memorial lecture.
作者信息
Miller N R
机构信息
Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit, The Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
出版信息
Am J Ophthalmol. 2001 Dec;132(6):811-8. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9394(01)01301-0.
PURPOSE
To present the current status and clinical implications of optic nerve protection, repair, and regeneration after experimental injury in mammals, including nonhuman primates.
DESIGN
Optic nerve and neuro-ophthalmology experimental study review.
METHOD
Synthesis of experimental data regarding experimental studies of optic nerve protection, repair, and regeneration.
RESULTS
Under certain conditions, mammalian retinal ganglion cells can be prevented from dying despite injury to the cell bodies or their axons, injured mammalian retinal ganglion cells whose axons have degenerated can be induced to extend new axons, and regenerating axons can reach their correct targets in the central nervous system. In addition, stem cells can be induced to become retinal ganglion cells.
CONCLUSIONS
It may soon be possible to preserve and restore vision in persons whose sight is threatened or has been lost from disease or damage to the optic nerve.
目的
介绍哺乳动物（包括非人灵长类动物）实验性损伤后视神经保护、修复和再生的现状及临床意义。
设计
视神经与神经眼科学实验研究综述。
方法
综合有关视神经保护、修复和再生实验研究的实验数据。
结果
在某些条件下，尽管哺乳动物视网膜神经节细胞的胞体或其轴突受到损伤，仍可防止其死亡；轴突已退化的受损哺乳动物视网膜神经节细胞可被诱导长出新的轴突，且再生轴突可在中枢神经系统中到达其正确靶点。此外，干细胞可被诱导成为视网膜神经节细胞。
结论
对于因疾病或视神经损伤而视力受到威胁或丧失的患者，不久之后或许就能实现视力的保存和恢复。
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