Czyzewski K, Pfeffer A, Wasiak B, Łuczywek E, Gołebiowski M, Styczyńska M, Barcikowska M
Zespołu Badawczo-Leczniczego Chorób Zwyrodnieniowych Centralnego Układu Nerwowego CMDiK PAN CSK MSWiA w Warszawie.
Neurol Neurochir Pol. 2001 Mar-Apr;35(3):405-13.
In recent years evidence is increasing that vascular disease is associated with cognitive impairment and dementia. Moreover, presence of cerebrovascular disease may intensify the clinical symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of vascular risk factors in age and sex matched patients with dementia. We studied 109 patients with AD and 37 patients vascular dementia (VD). DSM-III-R test for dementia, NINCDS-ADRDA guidelines for AD and NINDS-ARIEN for VD were applied.
Mean age of dementia onset in AD and VD was 65.8 SD 7.8 and 67.4 SD 7.0 years (p > 0.05), the duration of dementia, MMS and GDS for patients with AD and VD was not significantly different. Arterial hypertension was associated in 51.3% VD and 30.3% AD (p < 0.05), hypotension in 11.1 and 23.6% respectively (p > 0.05), atrial fibrillation was similar in AD and VD, coronary artery disease was presents 64.8% AD and 46.8 VD (p > 0.05) and type 2 diabetes in 21.6% and 10.1% (p > 0.05) respectively. No significant differences in serum lipid profile were found in both groups, except two times higher incidence of normal HDL-cholesterol concentration in AD compare to VD. The relation between alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking and head trauma was similar in both types of dementia.
Vascular disease and AD have to some extent a shared aetiology, and risk factors that they have in common increase the risk of both disorders independently and vascular disease is perhaps involved in the aetiology of AD.
近年来，越来越多的证据表明血管疾病与认知障碍和痴呆有关。此外，脑血管疾病的存在可能会加重阿尔茨海默病（AD）的临床症状。本研究的目的是确定年龄和性别匹配的痴呆患者中血管危险因素的患病率。我们研究了109例AD患者和37例血管性痴呆（VD）患者。采用了痴呆的DSM-III-R测试、AD的NINCDS-ADRDA指南和VD的NINDS-ARIEN指南。
AD和VD患者痴呆发病的平均年龄分别为65.8±7.8岁和67.4±7.0岁（p>0.05），AD和VD患者的痴呆持续时间、简易精神状态检查表（MMS）和总体衰退量表（GDS）无显著差异。动脉高血压在VD患者中的发生率为51.3%，在AD患者中的发生率为30.3%（p<0.05），低血压在VD和AD患者中的发生率分别为11.1%和23.6%（p>0.05），心房颤动在AD和VD患者中的发生率相似，冠状动脉疾病在AD患者中的发生率为64.8%，在VD患者中的发生率为46.8%（p>0.05），2型糖尿病在AD和VD患者中的发生率分别为21.6%和10.1%（p>0.05）。两组患者的血脂谱无显著差异，除AD患者中高密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度正常的发生率是VD患者的两倍。两种类型的痴呆患者在饮酒、吸烟和头部外伤之间的关系相似。
血管疾病和AD在一定程度上有共同的病因，它们共有的危险因素独立增加了两种疾病的风险，血管疾病可能参与了AD的病因。
