Drinkard B, McDuffie J, McCann S, Uwaifo G I, Nicholson J, Yanovski J A
Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Phys Ther. 2001 Dec;81(12):1889-96.
Little is known about the methods used to assess the physical fitness of adolescents who are overweight. We investigated the relationship between walk/run performance and cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescents who are overweight.
Eight African-American adolescents (5 female, 3 male) and 10 Caucasian adolescents (5 female, 5 male) who were overweight (mean age=14.5 years, SD=2.0, range=12-17; mean body mass index [BMI]=42.9 kg/m2, SD=11.5) participated in this study.
Subjects performed a 12-minute walk/run test. The distances traveled at both 9 minutes (D9) and 12 minutes (D12) were recorded, and the distance traveled between 9 and 12 minutes (D9-12) was calculated. Subjects also completed a maximal cycle ergometry test, during which peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), anaerobic threshold (AT), peak power (Wpeak), and power at the anaerobic threshold (WAT) were determined. Body composition was determined by air displacement plethysmography.
The mean percentage of body fat was 48.6% (SD=5.3%, range=40.3%-60.4%). Percentage of body fat and BMI were each inversely related to D9, D12, and VO2peak (all P<.005). Peak oxygen uptake (r=.72, P=.0001), VO2peak/kg lean body mass (r=.60, P<.005), Wpeak (r=.88, P<.0001), and WAT (r=.72, P=.0007) were all related to D12, with greater r values than for D9. If D9-12was included in regression analyses, D9 did not account for additional variance in any of the cycle ergometry variables.
These results suggest that an easily obtained measurement of physical performance (distance traveled during a 12-minute walk/run test) is related to cardiorespiratory fitness and to body composition in adolescents who are overweight. The 12-minute walk/run distance is more predictive of cycle ergometry test results than the 9-minute distance.
对于评估超重青少年体能的方法，人们了解甚少。我们研究了超重青少年步行/跑步表现与心肺适能之间的关系。
八名非裔美国青少年（5名女性，3名男性）和十名白人青少年（5名女性，5名男性）参与了本研究，他们均超重（平均年龄 = 14.5岁，标准差 = 2.0，范围 = 12 - 17岁；平均体重指数[BMI] = 42.9 kg/m²，标准差 = 11.5）。
受试者进行了一项12分钟的步行/跑步测试。记录9分钟（D9）和12分钟（D12）时行进的距离，并计算9至12分钟之间行进的距离（D9 - 12）。受试者还完成了一次最大运动负荷的蹬车测力计测试，在此期间测定了峰值摄氧量（VO₂peak）、无氧阈（AT）、峰值功率（Wpeak）以及无氧阈时的功率（WAT）。通过空气置换体积描记法测定身体成分。
体脂平均百分比为48.6%（标准差 = 5.3%，范围 = 40.3% - 60.4%）。体脂百分比和BMI均与D9、D12和VO₂peak呈负相关（所有P <.005）。峰值摄氧量（r =.72，P =.0001）、每千克去脂体重的VO₂peak（r =.60，P <.005）、Wpeak（r =.88，P <.0001）和WAT（r =.72，P =.0007）均与D12相关，其r值大于与D9的相关性。如果将D9 - 12纳入回归分析，D9在任何蹬车测力计变量中均未解释额外的方差。
这些结果表明，一项易于获取的体能表现测量指标（12分钟步行/跑步测试中行进的距离）与超重青少年的心肺适能及身体成分相关。12分钟步行/跑步距离比9分钟距离更能预测蹬车测力计测试结果。
