Knizhnikov V A, Barkhudarov R M
At Energy Rev. 1975 Jun;13(2):171-214.
To find the optimum solution to the problem of how to protect the environment from pollution by industrial waste, it is necessary, first and foremost, to obtain information on the existing levels of various forms of pollution and the damage caused by them. In this review data are given on all the main sources of contamination of the environment by radioactive substances. The pathways by which these substances reach and affect the human body are discussed, the doses incurred are characterized and the possible consequences of existing levels of exposure are assessed in the light of the latest data on the dose-effect relationship. The wisdom of treating the evaluation of radiation hazards arising from the use of atomic energy not in isolation but as part of a whole complex of ecological factors - including the use of conventional fuels for power generation and transport - is duly noted.
为找到如何保护环境免受工业废物污染这一问题的最佳解决方案，首先必须获取有关各种污染形式的现有水平及其造成的损害的信息。在本综述中，给出了关于环境受放射性物质污染的所有主要来源的数据。讨论了这些物质到达并影响人体的途径，对所受剂量进行了表征，并根据剂量效应关系的最新数据评估了现有暴露水平可能产生的后果。适当地指出了将对使用原子能所产生的辐射危害的评估，不是孤立地而是作为包括用于发电和运输的传统燃料在内的整个生态因素复合体的一部分来对待的明智之处。
