Okada Y, Chen Z, Kuwana S
Department of Medicine, Keio University Tsukigase Rehabilitation Center, Tagata-gun Tsukigase 380-2, Amagiyugashima-cho, Shizuoka-ken 410-3293, Japan.
Respir Physiol. 2001 Dec;129(1-2):13-23. doi: 10.1016/s0034-5687(01)00279-1.
We reviewed the previous reports on the fine anatomy of the mammalian ventral medulla with special attention to the cytoarchitecture of the superficial chemosensitive regions to summarize what is known, what is not yet known, and what should be studied in the future. We also reviewed studies on anatomical relationship between neurons and vessels, and morphological studies on dendrites of respiratory or chemosensitive neurons. When we compared the morphological reports on the ventral and dorsal putative chemosensitive regions, similarities were found as follows. Chemosensitive cells were often found not only near the ventral surface but near the dorsal surface of the brainstem. Dendritic projection towards the surface was a common characteristic in the ventral and dorsal chemosensitive neurons. Morphological abnormality in the brainstem of sudden infant death syndrome victims was also summarized. On the basis of the previous reports we discussed the perspective on the future study on central chemoreception. Among various unanswered questions in central chemosensitivity studies, physiological significance of surface cells and surface extending dendrites is the most important topic, and must be thoroughly investigated.
我们回顾了以往关于哺乳动物延髓腹侧精细解剖的报告，特别关注浅表化学敏感区域的细胞结构，以总结已知、未知以及未来应研究的内容。我们还回顾了关于神经元与血管之间解剖关系的研究，以及对呼吸或化学敏感神经元树突的形态学研究。当我们比较腹侧和背侧假定化学敏感区域的形态学报告时，发现了以下相似之处。化学敏感细胞不仅经常出现在脑干腹侧表面附近，也出现在背侧表面附近。向表面的树突投射是腹侧和背侧化学敏感神经元的共同特征。我们还总结了婴儿猝死综合征受害者脑干中的形态学异常。基于以往的报告，我们讨论了未来中枢化学感受研究的前景。在中枢化学敏感性研究中诸多未解决的问题中，表面细胞和表面延伸树突的生理意义是最重要的课题，必须进行深入研究。
