Chodorowska M, Kuklińska D, Tyski S
Zakład Bakteriologii PZH w Warszawie.
Med Dosw Mikrobiol. 2001;53(1):39-43.
The activity of erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, dirithromycin, oleandomycin, roxithromycin, spiramycin and josamycin against 21 and 34 B. pertussis strains and against 6 and 8 B. parapertussis strains isolated respectively in the years 1968 and 1997-99 was examined. The antibiotic agar dilution method was used. The minimum concentration of macrolides which inhibited growth of B. pertussis and B. parapertussis was calculated for 50% (MIC50) and 90% (MIC90) of isolates. The susceptibility to macrolides of B. pertussis and B. parapertussis strains isolated in the years 1968 and 1997-99 did not differ significantly. The MIC90 values of erythromycin were the same for B. pertussis (MIC90 = 0.125 mg/l) and B. parapertussis strains (MIC90 = 0.25 mg/l) recovered in 1968 as for those recovered in the years 1997-99. The most active antibiotic against all strains was azithromycin (MIC90 = 0.06 mg/l). The least active antibiotics were oleandomycin (MIC90 = 2-4 mg/l) and spiramycin (MIC90 = 8 mg/l). The study showed that erythromycin remains the antibiotic of choice for treatment of whooping cough and in case of emergence of B. pertussis and/or B. parapertussis strains erythromycin resistant, can be replaced by azithromycin.
检测了红霉素、阿奇霉素、克拉霉素、地红霉素、竹桃霉素、罗红霉素、螺旋霉素和交沙霉素对1968年分别分离出的21株和34株百日咳博德特氏菌以及1997 - 1999年分离出的6株和8株副百日咳博德特氏菌的活性。采用抗生素琼脂稀释法。计算了抑制50%（MIC50）和90%（MIC90）分离株生长的大环内酯类药物的最低浓度。1968年和1997 - 1999年分离出的百日咳博德特氏菌和副百日咳博德特氏菌菌株对大环内酯类药物的敏感性无显著差异。1968年分离出的百日咳博德特氏菌（MIC90 = 0.125 mg/l）和副百日咳博德特氏菌菌株（MIC90 = 0.25 mg/l）与1997 - 1999年分离出的菌株的红霉素MIC90值相同。对所有菌株活性最强的抗生素是阿奇霉素（MIC90 = 0.06 mg/l）。活性最低的抗生素是竹桃霉素（MIC9 = 2 - 4 mg/l）和螺旋霉素（MIC90 = 8 mg/l）。该研究表明，红霉素仍是治疗百日咳的首选抗生素，若出现对红霉素耐药的百日咳博德特氏菌和/或副百日咳博德特氏菌菌株，可用阿奇霉素替代。
