Ayers C S, Abrams R, Robinson M
Division Public Health Dentistry, Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI 53201-1881, USA.
J Dent Educ. 2001 Nov;65(11):1272-7.
This project was undertaken from July 1999 to August 2000 to identify the status of extramural programming (that is, a program that has undergraduate dental students providing any aspect of dental care to individuals in settings outside the main clinical facility of the school) in North American dental schools. A survey instrument was mailed to all United States and Canadian dental schools concerning student involvement in extramural programming. The response rate was 79.7 percent. Of the schools responding, 3.9 percent did not offer extramural programming. The type of extramural sites, the percentage of schools offering each type of site, and the mean number of weeks students are at each site were as follows: hospital clinics--71 percent, 2.5 weeks; public health clinics--65 percent, 6 weeks; schools and day care centers--49, 1.7 weeks; private dental offices--37 percent, 2 weeks; and "other"--29 percent, 2.5 weeks. The average number of weeks spent at extramural site(s) per class was: freshman 1.9 weeks (SD=4.3); sophomores 2.3 weeks (SD=4.2); juniors 2.6 weeks (SD=1.9); and seniors 5.3 weeks (SD=6.7). Of total student time in extramural programming, 43.3 percent was spent delivering basic clinical services, 24.4 percent comprehensive clinical services, 11.8 percent health education, 11.8 percent preventive dentistry, and 8.7 percent community activities. From the data collected it is apparent that the majority of North American dental schools are providing a variety of extramural experiences for their dental students. It was found that student involvement in extramural programming increases gradually from the freshman to the senior year.
该项目于1999年7月至2000年8月开展，旨在确定北美牙科学院的校外项目（即让本科牙科学生在学校主要临床设施以外的场所为个人提供任何牙科护理服务的项目）的开展情况。一份调查问卷被邮寄给了所有美国和加拿大的牙科学院，询问学生参与校外项目的情况。回复率为79.7%。在回复的学校中，3.9%没有提供校外项目。校外场所的类型、提供每种场所类型的学校百分比以及学生在每个场所的平均周数如下：医院诊所——71%，2.5周；公共卫生诊所——65%，6周；学校和日托中心——49%，1.7周；私人牙科诊所——37%，2周；以及“其他”——29%，2.5周。每个班级在校外场所花费的平均周数为：大一学生1.9周（标准差=4.3）；大二学生2.3周（标准差=4.2）；大三学生2.6周（标准差=1.9）；大四学生5.3周（标准差=6.7）。在学生参与校外项目的总时间中，43.3%用于提供基本临床服务，24.4%用于提供综合临床服务，11.8%用于健康教育，11.8%用于预防牙科，8.7%用于社区活动。从收集到的数据来看，显然大多数北美牙科学院都在为其牙科学生提供各种校外经历。研究发现，学生参与校外项目的程度从大一到大四逐渐增加。
