安格斯牛采食量、饲料效率及其他断奶后性状的遗传和表型方差与协方差组分。

Genetic and phenotypic variance and covariance components for feed intake, feed efficiency, and other postweaning traits in Angus cattle.

作者信息

Arthur P F, Archer J A, Johnston D J, Herd R M, Richardson E C, Parnell P F

机构信息

NSW Agriculture, Agricultural Research Centre, Trangie, NSW 2823, Australia.

出版信息

J Anim Sci. 2001 Nov;79(11):2805-11. doi: 10.2527/2001.79112805x.

DOI:10.2527/2001.79112805x

PMID:11768108

Abstract

Records on 1,180 young Angus bulls and heifers involved in performance tests were used to estimate genetic and phenotypic parameters for feed intake, feed efficiency, and other postweaning traits. The mean age was 268 d at the start of the performance test, which comprised 21-d adjustment and 70-d test periods. Traits studied included 200-d weight, 400-d weight, scrotal circumference, ultrasonic measurements of rib and rump fat depths and longissimus muscle area, ADG, metabolic weight, daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio, and residual feed intake. For all traits except the last five, additional data from the Angus Society ofAustralia pedigree and performance database were included, which increased the number of animals to 27,229. Genetic (co)variances were estimated by REML using animal models. Direct heritability estimates for 200-d weight, 400-d weight, rib fat depth, ADG, feed conversion,and residual feed intake were 0.17 +/- 0.03, 0.27 +/- 0.03, 0.35 +/- 0.04, 0.28 +/- 0.04, 0.29 +/- 0.04, and 0.39 +/- 0.03, respectively. Feed conversion ratio was genetically (r(g) = 0.66 ) and phenotypically (r(p) = 0.53) correlated with residual feed intake. Feed conversion ratio was correlated (r(g) = -0.62, r(p) = -0.74) with ADG, whereas residual feed intake was not (rg = -0.04, r(p) = -0.06). Genetically, both residual feed intake and feed conversion ratio were negatively correlated with direct effects of 200-d weight (r(g) = -0.45 and -0.21) and 400-d weight (r(g) = -0.26 and -0.09). The correlations between the remaining traits and the feed efficiency traits were near zero, except between feed intake and feed conversion ratio (r(g) = 0.31, r(p) = 0.23), feed intake and residual feed intake (r(g) = 0.69, r(p) = 0.72), and rib fat depth and residual feed intake (r(g) = 0.17, r(p) = 0.14). These results indicate that genetic improvement in feed efficiency can be achieved through selection and, in general, correlated responses in growth and the other postweaning traits will be minimal.

摘要

对1180头参与性能测试的安格斯青年公牛和小母牛的记录进行了分析，以估计采食量、饲料效率和其他断奶后性状的遗传和表型参数。性能测试开始时的平均年龄为268天，包括21天的适应期和70天的测试期。研究的性状包括200日龄体重、400日龄体重、阴囊周长、肋骨和臀部脂肪深度以及背最长肌面积的超声测量、平均日增重（ADG）、代谢体重、每日采食量、饲料转化率和剩余采食量。除了最后五个性状外，还纳入了澳大利亚安格斯协会系谱和性能数据库的额外数据，这使得动物数量增加到27229头。使用动物模型通过限制最大似然法（REML）估计遗传（协）方差。200日龄体重、400日龄体重、肋骨脂肪深度、ADG、饲料转化率和剩余采食量的直接遗传力估计值分别为0.17±0.03、0.27±0.03、0.35±0.04、0.28±0.04、0.29±0.04和0.39±0.03。饲料转化率与剩余采食量在遗传上（r(g)=0.66）和表型上（r(p)=0.53）相关。饲料转化率与ADG相关（r(g)=-0.62，r(p)=-0.74），而剩余采食量与ADG不相关（rg=-0.04，r(p)=-0.06）。从遗传角度来看，剩余采食量和饲料转化率都与200日龄体重（r(g)=-0.45和-0.21）和400日龄体重（r(g)=-0.26和-0.09）的直接效应呈负相关。除了采食量与饲料转化率（r(g)=0.31，r(p)=0.23）、采食量与剩余采食量（r(g)=0.69，r(p)=0.72）以及肋骨脂肪深度与剩余采食量（r(g)=0.17，r(p)=0.14）之间外，其余性状与饲料效率性状之间的相关性接近零。这些结果表明，通过选择可以实现饲料效率的遗传改良，并且一般来说，生长和其他断奶后性状的相关反应将最小。