Lalioti V, Vergarajauregui S, Sandoval I V
Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Spain.
Mol Membr Biol. 2001 Oct-Dec;18(4):257-64. doi: 10.1080/09687680110090780.
The trafficking of the insulin-sensitive glucose transporter, GLUT4, is the paradigm of how cells control the movement of membrane proteins through intricate pathways of transport in response to external stimuli, and how, by doing so, regulate their function. The GLUT4 intracellularly sequestered in resting adipocytes and muscle cells becomes exposed on their surface in response to an increase in insulin levels and muscle contraction, where it facilitates glucose uptake. Ceasing of the stimuli is followed by endocytosis of the GLUT4 molecules exposed on the plasma membrane and their recycling to the original stores, where they are retained. This review discusses current understanding of the organelles that host GLUT4 and the motifs that mediate its trafficking.
胰岛素敏感性葡萄糖转运蛋白GLUT4的转运，是细胞如何通过复杂的转运途径来控制膜蛋白的移动以响应外部刺激，以及如何通过这样做来调节其功能的范例。在静息脂肪细胞和肌肉细胞中被细胞内隔离的GLUT4，会在胰岛素水平升高和肌肉收缩时暴露于细胞表面，在那里它促进葡萄糖摄取。刺激停止后，质膜上暴露的GLUT4分子会发生内吞作用，并循环回到原来的储存部位并保留在那里。本文综述了目前对容纳GLUT4的细胞器以及介导其转运的基序的理解。
