Boutros Nashaat N, Struve Frederick
Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine and VA-Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA.
Semin Clin Neuropsychiatry. 2002 Jan;7(1):30-41. doi: 10.1053/scnp.2002.28283.
In this article the clinical usefulness and limitations of the routine electroencephalogram (EEG) are discussed. Emphasis is placed on 3 specific clinical situations where EEG can be most useful: the differential diagnosis of dementia versus pseudodementia, the evaluation of episodic behavior disorders including aggressive episodes, and acute confusional states. An atypical clinical presentation is emphasized as the most important indiction for obtaining an EEG evaluation. The issue of controversial EEG waveforms is discussed in some detail. The need for well-designed, controlled studies to further examine these EEG patterns is emphasized. Finally, the limitations of the routine EEG are discussed. The article concludes with a brief mention of the future promise of other electrophysiological testing modalities such as quantified EEG, evoked potentials, and sleep studies.
本文讨论了常规脑电图（EEG）的临床实用性及局限性。重点关注EEG最具实用价值的3种特定临床情况：痴呆与假性痴呆的鉴别诊断、发作性行为障碍（包括攻击性行为发作）的评估以及急性意识模糊状态。强调非典型临床表现是进行EEG评估的最重要指征。对有争议的EEG波形问题进行了较为详细的讨论。强调需要设计完善的对照研究以进一步研究这些EEG模式。最后，讨论了常规EEG的局限性。文章结尾简要提及了其他电生理检测方式（如定量脑电图、诱发电位和睡眠研究）未来的前景。
