Yaffe K
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco and the San Francisco VA Medical Center, 94121, USA.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2001 Dec;949:215-22. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb04024.x.
At least 10% of people aged 65 or older have some form of cognitive impairment, increasing to around 50% by age 85. Several studies have suggested that estrogen may improve cognitive function or prevent the development of dementia, but other studies have not shown a benefit, and results from large randomized trials are lacking. Fortunately, further trials are currently being conducted. With the recognition that selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) have differential tissue-dependent effects on estrogen receptor function, there is recent interest in the effects of raloxifene, tamoxifen, and other SERMs on cognition. In this paper, the current state of knowledge of the role of estrogen for preventing dementia in postmenopausal women will be reviewed. In addition, the status of ongoing and recently completed trials of estrogen and SERMs on cognitive function or on Alzheimer's disease severity will be summarized.
至少10%的65岁及以上人群存在某种形式的认知障碍，到85岁时这一比例增至约50%。多项研究表明，雌激素可能改善认知功能或预防痴呆症的发生，但其他研究并未显示出益处，且缺乏大型随机试验的结果。幸运的是，目前正在进行进一步的试验。随着人们认识到选择性雌激素受体调节剂（SERM）对雌激素受体功能具有不同的组织依赖性效应，近来人们对雷洛昔芬、他莫昔芬及其他SERM对认知的影响产生了兴趣。本文将综述雌激素在预防绝经后女性痴呆症方面作用的当前知识状态。此外，还将总结正在进行的以及最近完成的关于雌激素和SERM对认知功能或阿尔茨海默病严重程度影响的试验情况。
