Mandyla H, Anagnostakis D, Koutsovitis P, Siahanidou T, Youroukos S
First Department of Paediatrics, Athens University, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Greece.
Eur J Pediatr. 2001 Dec;160(12):732-5. doi: 10.1007/s004310100848.
Two infants with recurrence of herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis are reported. Both patients developed HSV encephalitis during their neonatal period and were treated with iv acyclovir. Long-term oral acyclovir prophylaxis was given thereafter. At the age of 8 and 11 months respectively, both babies, while under oral acyclovir prophylaxis, presented a second episode of HSV encephalitis. An inadequate dose of suppressive oral acyclovir therapy may be responsible for the recurrence of encephalitis in these two babies.
The present observations emphasise the need for very long follow-up of any infant who has suffered from neonatal herpes simplex virus encephalitis and the need for careful prospective controlled studies in order to define the appropriate treatment regimen (initial plus prophylaxis) for neonates with herpes simplex virus infections.
报告了两名单纯疱疹病毒（HSV）脑炎复发的婴儿。两名患者均在新生儿期患上HSV脑炎，并接受了静脉注射阿昔洛韦治疗。此后给予长期口服阿昔洛韦预防。分别在8个月和11个月大时，两名婴儿在接受口服阿昔洛韦预防期间，出现了第二次HSV脑炎发作。口服阿昔洛韦抑制治疗剂量不足可能是这两名婴儿脑炎复发的原因。
目前的观察结果强调，对于任何患有新生儿单纯疱疹病毒脑炎的婴儿，都需要进行非常长期的随访，并且需要进行仔细的前瞻性对照研究，以确定针对单纯疱疹病毒感染新生儿的合适治疗方案（初始治疗加预防）。
