Kalantari H, Salehi M
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ahwaz University Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran.
Saudi Med J. 2001 Dec;22(12):1080-4.
The aim and purpose of this study was to find out the protective effect of garlic oil in liver toxicity induced by acetaminophen overdose and the comparison of its effect with N-acetylcysteine in albino male mice (18-22 g).
This study was undertaken during the period from January 1999 through to August 2000, at the School of Pharmacy, Ahwaz University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran. All animals were fasted over night and were divided into 8 groups. Each group consisted of 10 mice. Garlic oil was administered intraperitoneally in doses of 100mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 500 mg/kg. Immediately after this, a toxic dose of acetaminophen (500 mg/kg orally) was administered followed by another administration one hour later (500 mg/kg orally). Twenty-four hours after the last administration, blood was withdrawn from the jugular vein of the mice and serum enzyme activities were measured and compared with the control groups. The liver samples were studied for the histopathological examination.
The results in group which received 200mg/kg of garlic oil showed good protection activity as compared with the positive control group. The histopathological observations also showed that the area of liver damage was reduced significantly as compared with the positive control group. The severity of injury was variable among the animals and there was less evidence of necrosis in this group. Some protection was observed in other doses of garlic oil but these were not much significant. The results obtained one hour after acetaminophen intoxication (post treatment) showed a less protective effect as compared with the group which received garlic oil simultaneously after acetaminophen intoxication.
Garlic oil, as similar to N-acetylcysteine, can eliminate electrophilic intermediates and free radicals through conjugation and reduction reactions. Therefore it protects the liver from toxic doses of acetaminophen. In the present study we also observed the protection by the garlic oil. The clearance of the toxic metabolites of the acetaminophen from the liver occurs much faster in immediate treatment with garlic oil (200mg/kg).
本研究的目的是探究大蒜油对白化雄性小鼠（18 - 22克）对乙酰氨基酚过量所致肝毒性的保护作用，并将其与N - 乙酰半胱氨酸的作用进行比较。
本研究于1999年1月至2000年8月在伊朗阿瓦士医学科学大学药学院进行。所有动物禁食过夜，分为8组。每组10只小鼠。大蒜油以100毫克/千克、200毫克/千克和500毫克/千克的剂量腹腔注射。在此之后，立即给予对乙酰氨基酚中毒剂量（口服500毫克/千克），1小时后再给予一次（口服500毫克/千克）。最后一次给药24小时后，从小鼠颈静脉取血，测量血清酶活性并与对照组进行比较。对肝脏样本进行组织病理学检查。
与阳性对照组相比，接受200毫克/千克大蒜油的组显示出良好的保护活性。组织病理学观察还表明，与阳性对照组相比，肝损伤面积显著减小。动物之间损伤的严重程度各不相同，该组坏死证据较少。在其他剂量的大蒜油中观察到了一定的保护作用，但不太显著。对乙酰氨基酚中毒1小时后（治疗后）获得的结果显示，与对乙酰氨基酚中毒后同时接受大蒜油的组相比，保护作用较小。
与N - 乙酰半胱氨酸类似，大蒜油可通过结合和还原反应消除亲电中间体和自由基。因此，它可保护肝脏免受中毒剂量对乙酰氨基酚的损害。在本研究中，我们也观察到了大蒜油的保护作用。在用大蒜油（200毫克/千克）立即治疗时，对乙酰氨基酚的有毒代谢产物从肝脏的清除速度要快得多。
