Brenner T L, Pui C H, Evan W E
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
Curr Opin Mol Ther. 2001 Dec;3(6):567-78.
Approximately 80% of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) can be cured with modern therapy. Despite this success, the number of cases of relapsed ALL remains greater than the number of new cases of most childhood cancers. New strategies are needed to develop curative therapy for the 20% of patients who are not being cured today, and to develop less toxic and less onerous treatment for ALL patients. Molecular genetics has already provided important insights to the mechanisms of leukemogenesis and is now routinely used to define the prognosis and guide treatment intensity for childhood ALL. Pharmacogenomics is a burgeoning field that aims to elucidate inherited differences in drug disposition and treatment response, toward individualizing therapy to enhance efficacy and reduce toxicity. Herein, we review recent progress in thesefields as they relate to childhood ALL, and discuss the promise they hold to further enhance treatment of the most common cancer in children.
大约80%的急性淋巴细胞白血病（ALL）患儿可通过现代疗法治愈。尽管取得了这一成功，但复发ALL的病例数仍多于大多数儿童癌症的新发病例数。需要新的策略来为目前未治愈的20%的患者开发治愈性疗法，并为所有ALL患者开发毒性更小、负担更轻的治疗方法。分子遗传学已经为白血病发生机制提供了重要见解，现在常规用于定义儿童ALL的预后并指导治疗强度。药物基因组学是一个新兴领域，旨在阐明药物处置和治疗反应中的遗传差异，以实现个体化治疗，提高疗效并降低毒性。在此，我们综述这些领域与儿童ALL相关的最新进展，并讨论它们在进一步加强儿童最常见癌症治疗方面的前景。
