Kong W, Xu Y, Zhang P, Sun L, Wu C, Li R
Beijing Chest Hospital, Beijing 100095.
Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi. 1999 Mar;22(3):150-2.
Combined infection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) has attracted wide attention. This study was to find out infection of HIV and occurrence of AIDS in tuberculosis patients.
Primary screening was conducted in 2 973 inpatients with pulmonary tuberculosis by gelatin particle agglutination assay or rapid gold-labeled HIV 1 + 2 antibody assay. The HIV positive cases were sent to Beijing Municipal Center Laboratory for verification.
Three HIV positive cases were detected among 2,973 pulmonary tuberculosis patients with the positive rate of 1.01 per thousand. Two were male and 1 female with average age of 30 years (23, 27, and 40 years respectively) accounting for 2.86 per thousand of the 21 - 41 age group, among which 1 infected through intravenous drug injection, 2 by heterosexual behavior. And all the 3 HIV positive cases had developed to be AIDS.
Enough knowledge of the risk of combined HIV/MTB infection and high-degree alert should be emphasized in medical professionals involving in diagnosis, treatment and management of tuberculosis. Routine HIV antibody detection in high-risk tuberculosis patients for HIV infection, especially in young and middle-age tuberculosis patients, is helpful for early diagnosis and treatment of AIDS and avoiding its spreading.
人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）与结核分枝杆菌（MTB）合并感染已引起广泛关注。本研究旨在了解肺结核患者中HIV感染及艾滋病的发生情况。
采用明胶颗粒凝集试验或快速金标HIV 1+2抗体检测法对2973例住院肺结核患者进行初筛。HIV阳性病例送北京市中心实验室进行确诊。
在2973例肺结核患者中检测出3例HIV阳性病例，阳性率为千分之一。2例男性，1例女性，平均年龄30岁（分别为23、27和40岁），占21-41岁年龄组的千分之2.86，其中1例通过静脉注射吸毒感染，2例通过异性性行为感染。3例HIV阳性病例均已发展为艾滋病。
参与结核病诊断、治疗和管理的医务人员应充分认识HIV/MTB合并感染的风险并高度警惕。对高危肺结核患者，尤其是中青年肺结核患者进行常规HIV抗体检测，有助于艾滋病的早期诊断和治疗，避免其传播。
