Teibler P, Acosta de Pérez O, Maruñak S, Sanchez Negrette M, Ortega H
Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (UNNE), Av. Sargento Cabral 2139, 3400 Corrientes, Argentina.
Biocell. 2001 Dec;25(3):257-64.
Venom from Bothrops snake produces severe local symptoms on the envenomed victim, such as hemorrhage, edema and myonecrosis. The latter is perhaps the most important of all, since antivenom therapy is not effective for it, even when antivenom is injected only a few minutes after the accident. In this work, mice weighing 18-20 g (n = 5) were inoculated with 70 micrograms Bothrops jararacussu venom in 0.1 ml PBS in the gastrocnemius muscle. Mice were sacrificed using ether after 1, 12 hours, 3, 5, 7 days and 2, 3, 5, 6 weeks after the injection of the venom to obtain gastrocnemius muscles. They were fixed with Bouin's solution and stained using Hematoxylin--Eosin and Mason's trichromic stain was applied to visualize collagen fibers. Results showed that inflammatory reaction was evident after a few minutes of the venom injection, which was not evident after 6 weeks. Muscular fiber necrosis reached its highest level on the seventh day. Even thought regeneration of muscular fibers was important, they never reached the size of the control. We conclude that Bothrops jararacussu venom causes severe necrosis on muscle fibers with partial recovery, showing low hemorrhage and abundance of granulation tissue. This points that not all fibers were regenerated, which can be seen as a functional sequel for injured muscle.
矛头蝮蛇的毒液会给中毒者带来严重的局部症状，如出血、水肿和肌坏死。后者可能是其中最为严重的，因为抗蛇毒血清疗法对其无效，即便在中毒后几分钟内就注射抗蛇毒血清也无济于事。在本研究中，将体重18 - 20克的小鼠（n = 5）在腓肠肌中接种0.1毫升磷酸盐缓冲盐水中含70微克的矛头蝮蛇毒液。在注射毒液后的1小时、12小时、3天、5天、7天以及2周、3周、5周、6周后，使用乙醚处死小鼠以获取腓肠肌。将肌肉用波因氏液固定，并用苏木精 - 伊红染色，应用梅森三色染色法来观察胶原纤维。结果显示，在注射毒液几分钟后炎症反应就很明显，但在6周后就不明显了。肌纤维坏死在第7天达到最高水平。尽管肌纤维的再生很重要，但它们从未恢复到对照组的大小。我们得出结论，矛头蝮蛇毒液会导致肌纤维严重坏死，虽有部分恢复，但出血较少且肉芽组织丰富。这表明并非所有纤维都能再生，这可视作受伤肌肉的一种功能后遗症。
