Krüger Tillmann H C, Haake Philip, Hartmann Uwe, Schedlowski Manfred, Exton Michael S
Department of Medical Psychology, University of Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2002 Jan;26(1):31-44. doi: 10.1016/s0149-7634(01)00036-7.
Recent studies from our laboratory have investigated the hormonal response to various forms of sexual stimulation, including film, masturbation, and coitus in both men and women. This series of studies clearly demonstrated that plasma prolactin (PRL) concentrations are substantially increased for over 1h following orgasm (masturbation and coitus conditions) in both men and women, but unchanged following sexual arousal without orgasm. Here we discuss evidence suggesting that the PRL response to orgasm may play an important role in the control of acute sexual arousal following orgasm. Supporting this position, chronic elevations of PRL (hyperprolactinemia) produce pronounced reductions in animal sexual activity, and significant reduction of libido and gonadal function in both men and women. These data suggest that PRL may represent a peripheral regulatory factor for reproductive function, and/or a feedback mechanism that signals CNS centres controlling sexual arousal and behaviour. Thus, we propose a theoretical model of the role of PRL as a neuroendocrine reproductive reflex.
我们实验室最近的研究调查了男性和女性对各种形式性刺激的激素反应，包括观看影片、自慰和性交。这一系列研究清楚地表明，男性和女性在性高潮（自慰和性交情况下）后1小时以上，血浆催乳素（PRL）浓度会大幅升高，但在没有性高潮的性唤起后则保持不变。在此，我们讨论相关证据，这些证据表明PRL对性高潮的反应可能在性高潮后急性性唤起的控制中发挥重要作用。支持这一观点的是，PRL的慢性升高（高催乳素血症）会使动物的性活动显著减少，并且男性和女性的性欲和性腺功能也会显著降低。这些数据表明，PRL可能代表生殖功能的外周调节因子，和/或一种向控制性唤起和行为的中枢神经系统发出信号的反馈机制。因此，我们提出了一个关于PRL作为神经内分泌生殖反射作用的理论模型。
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