Calvo A, Amores R, Valero E, Sevillano D, Prieto J
Departamento de Microbiología I, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain.
Rev Esp Quimioter. 2001 Dec;14(4):345-50.
Since the first strains of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae were isolated in the 1960s, the rate of resistance has increased world- wide, though with geographic variations. Currently, the prevalence and patterns of antibiotic resistance in this microorganism vary widely from one country to another, as well as within in the same country. In our study we evaluated the in vitro susceptibility of 299 isolates of S. pneumoniae from patients with community-acquired respiratory tract infections from 1998-2000 to different antimicrobial agents. The following resistance results were obtained: 32.11% to penicillin, 4.35% to amoxicillin, 3.68% to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, 69.9% to cefaclor, 32.44% to cefpodoxime, 34.11% to cefuroxime, and 24.41% to azithromycin. For cefixime and ceftibuten there are no NCCLS breakpoint criteria.
自20世纪60年代首次分离出耐青霉素的肺炎链球菌菌株以来，耐药率在全球范围内有所上升，不过存在地域差异。目前，这种微生物的抗生素耐药流行情况和模式在不同国家之间以及同一国家内部都有很大差异。在我们的研究中，我们评估了1998年至2000年期间从社区获得性呼吸道感染患者中分离出的299株肺炎链球菌对不同抗菌药物的体外敏感性。获得了以下耐药结果：对青霉素耐药率为32.11%，对阿莫西林耐药率为4.35%，对阿莫西林-克拉维酸耐药率为3.68%，对头孢克洛耐药率为69.9%，对头孢泊肟酯耐药率为32.44%，对头孢呋辛耐药率为34.11%，对阿奇霉素耐药率为24.41%。对于头孢克肟和头孢布烯，尚无美国国家临床实验室标准委员会（NCCLS）的断点标准。
