Elliott Stephen J, Gardonio Paolo, Sors Thomas C, Brennan Michael J
Institute of Sound and Vibration Research, University of Southampton, Highfield, United Kingdom.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2002 Feb;111(2):908-15. doi: 10.1121/1.1433810.
When multiple actuators and sensors are used to control the vibration of a panel, or its sound radiation, they are usually positioned so that they couple into specific modes and are all connected together with a centralized control system. This paper investigates the physical effects of having a regular array of actuator and sensor pairs that are connected only by local feedback loops. An array of 4 x 4 force actuators and velocity sensors is first simulated, for which such a decentralized controller can be shown to be unconditionally stable. Significant reductions in both the kinetic energy of the panel and in its radiated sound power can be obtained for an optimal value of feedback gain, although higher values of feedback gain can induce extra resonances in the system and degrade the performance. A more practical transducer pair, consisting of a piezoelectric actuator and velocity sensor, is also investigated and the simulations suggest that a decentralized controller with this arrangement is also stable over a wide range of feedback gains. The resulting reductions in kinetic energy and sound power are not as great as with the force actuators, due to the extra resonances being more prominent and at lower frequencies, but are still worthwhile. This suggests that an array of independent modular systems, each of which included an actuator, a sensor, and a local feedback control loop, could be a simple and robust method of controlling broadband sound transmission when integrated into a panel.
当使用多个致动器和传感器来控制面板的振动或其声辐射时，它们通常被放置在特定位置，以便耦合到特定模式，并通过集中控制系统连接在一起。本文研究了仅通过局部反馈回路连接的规则排列的致动器和传感器对的物理效应。首先模拟了一个4×4的力致动器和速度传感器阵列，对于该阵列，这种分散式控制器可被证明是无条件稳定的。对于反馈增益的最佳值，可以显著降低面板的动能及其辐射声功率，尽管较高的反馈增益值会在系统中引发额外的共振并降低性能。还研究了一种更实用的换能器对，由压电致动器和速度传感器组成，模拟结果表明，这种布置的分散式控制器在很宽的反馈增益范围内也是稳定的。由于额外的共振更突出且频率更低，动能和声功率的降低不如力致动器那么大，但仍然是值得的。这表明，当集成到面板中时，一系列独立的模块化系统，每个系统包括一个致动器、一个传感器和一个局部反馈控制回路，可能是控制宽带声音传输的一种简单而稳健的方法。
