Kapoula Zo, Bucci Pia
Laboratoire de Physiologie de la Perception et de l'Action, UMR 9950 CNRS-Collège de France, 11, place M. Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France.
Exp Brain Res. 2002 Mar;143(2):264-8. doi: 10.1007/s00221-002-1018-8. Epub 2002 Feb 2.
To guide saccades accurately human adult subjects learn rapidly to aim, in advance, for the central position of the distribution of the target positions studied. This causes a bias called range effect, i.e., saccades to the central location are accurate while the less eccentric locations are overshot and the more eccentric locations are undershot. It is believed that this is a cognitive strategy allowing to reduce overall variability. We show here that the same exists for normal children (5-13 years old). Most importantly, from the age of 5 years, children with strabismus use the same cognitive strategy despite the fact that their eyes are misaligned. Importantly, both eyes follow this strategy even though only one eye is fixating the target (the other eye being squinted).
为了准确引导扫视，成年人类受试者会迅速学会提前瞄准所研究目标位置分布的中心位置。这会导致一种称为范围效应的偏差，即向中心位置的扫视是准确的，而偏心程度较小的位置会被过度扫视，偏心程度较大的位置则会扫视不足。据信，这是一种有助于降低总体变异性的认知策略。我们在此表明，正常儿童（5至13岁）也存在同样的情况。最重要的是，从5岁起，斜视儿童尽管眼睛存在斜视，但仍使用相同的认知策略。重要的是，即使只有一只眼睛注视目标（另一只眼睛斜视），两只眼睛都会遵循这一策略。
