Van Gundy K, Schieman S
Department of Sociology, University of New Hampshire, Horton Social Science Center, Durham 03824-3586, USA.
Int J Aging Hum Dev. 2001;53(4):293-310. doi: 10.2190/XEYW-H4XR-JBAF-2L6K.
This study investigates the interrelationships among age, physical disability, introspectiveness, and depression. Using data from a community sample of disabled and non-disabled adults (N = 1,567), this study tests: 1) if there are age variations in introspectiveness; 2) if age variations in introspectiveness differ by physical disability status; 3) if introspectiveness mediates the association between age and depression; 4) if introspectiveness and disability status have synergistic effects on depression; and if so, 5) if subjective health differences between disabled and nondisabled account for the joint impact of introspectiveness and disability status on depression. Results show that older people report less introspectiveness than younger people do--which explains part of the negative association between age and depression. Additionally, the negative association between age and introspectiveness is significantly stronger among nondisabled respondents. Adjustment for less introspectiveness among older adults accounts for about 24 percent of the negative association between age and depression. Disabled respondents experience a more positive relationship between introspectiveness and depression; however, disabled respondents' poorer global health explains most of that pattern.
本研究调查了年龄、身体残疾、内省性和抑郁之间的相互关系。利用来自残疾和非残疾成年人社区样本（N = 1567）的数据，本研究检验：1）内省性是否存在年龄差异；2）内省性的年龄差异是否因身体残疾状况而异；3）内省性是否介导年龄与抑郁之间的关联；4）内省性和残疾状况对抑郁是否有协同效应；如果有，5）残疾与非残疾之间的主观健康差异是否解释了内省性和残疾状况对抑郁的联合影响。结果表明，老年人报告的内省性比年轻人少，这解释了年龄与抑郁之间负相关的部分原因。此外，在非残疾受访者中，年龄与内省性之间的负相关明显更强。对老年人内省性较少进行调整后，约占年龄与抑郁之间负相关的24%。残疾受访者在内省性与抑郁之间经历了更积极的关系；然而，残疾受访者较差的总体健康状况解释了这种模式的大部分原因。
