Measurement of ocular blood flow.

Many of these techniques have been adapted to investigate hemodynamic alterations, not only in glaucoma, but in diverse disorders such as diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration, retinal dystrophies, and nonglaucomatous optic neuropathies. However, each of these techniques has limitations and there is not a single methods that provides comprehensive measurements for all the ocular tissues. Our enhanced understanding of ocular vascular anatomy has helped to direct our hemodynamic investigations of the various vascular beds within the eye. However, many of the techniques have lacked validation (reproducibility and accuracy) prior to clinical implementation. Understanding the limitations and the theoretical assumptions of each of these techniques will allow more prudent application in the clinical arena in the future.