Shabad A L
Urol Int. 1975;30(4):297-304. doi: 10.1159/000279991.
The study of 1,464 cases of renal tuberculosis in 1946-1971 shows that the incidence of this illness has not diminished. The percentage of aged patients and of women has increased. The frequency of previous tuberculosis has decreased and the interval between tuberculosis and renal tuberculosis has increased. These new features show that the role of general pathogenic factors regresses whereas that of local factors progresses. Among the latter, the main factor is a disturbance of the urine outflow from the kidneys. This factor is of particular importance in women who had pathologic pregnancies and deliveries, gynecological diseases and surgery. While the connection of renal tuberculosis with tuberculous diseases diminishes its connection with urogenital conditions is rising. Accordingly, it is necessary to suspect and search for renal tuberculosis in new groups of persons: in older persons, in patients without a history of previous tuberculosis, in patients cured from tuberculosis, in women after obstetrical and gynecological complications, in patients with renal diseases, malformations, etc. Our preventive examinations indicated that nephrotuberculosis can be actively and earlier detected not only in patients with extrarenal tuberculosis but in persons cured from it, and in patients with local urogenital lesions.
对1946年至1971年间1464例肾结核病例的研究表明，该病的发病率并未降低。老年患者和女性患者的比例有所增加。既往有结核病的频率降低，结核病与肾结核之间的间隔时间延长。这些新特征表明，一般致病因素的作用减弱，而局部因素的作用增强。在后者中，主要因素是肾脏尿液流出受阻。这一因素在有病理妊娠和分娩史、患有妇科疾病及接受过妇科手术的女性中尤为重要。虽然肾结核与结核性疾病的关联减少，但其与泌尿生殖系统疾病的关联正在增加。因此，有必要在新的人群组中怀疑并查找肾结核：老年人、既往无结核病病史的患者、已治愈结核病的患者、妇产科并发症后的女性、患有肾脏疾病、畸形等的患者。我们的预防性检查表明，不仅在肾外结核患者中，而且在已治愈的患者以及有局部泌尿生殖系统病变的患者中，都可以更早且积极地检测到肾结核。
