Tayyabkhan Tara R, Mammola Bianca N, Drugan Robert C
Department of Psychology, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2002 May;72(1-2):335-42. doi: 10.1016/s0091-3057(01)00765-1.
Animal models of stress reactivity are often employed in developing treatments for humans. Many studies use shock stress, and most use male rats. These experiments compare female and male rats exposed to either restraint stress (RS) or ambient-temperature swim stress (SS), using two durations of each stressor and naive controls. The ataxic effects of a 0.6 g/kg i.p. dose of ethanol (ETOH) were measured. Females exhibited less ataxia than males following ETOH administration. There were no significant effects of stress on ETOH-induced ataxia. Exploration was also measured in an open-field test (OFT) both pre- and poststress. In the prestress OFT, females were more active than males. For the no-stress groups and the shorter-duration stress groups, exploration decreased between the first and second OFTs. However, the groups exposed to the longer-duration stress did not show this expected decrease in exploration. A key finding of this research is that while sex differences may be present at baseline, the sexes may react similarly to stress. These data extend knowledge on sex differences in stress, alcohol reactivity and exploratory behavior.
应激反应性的动物模型常用于开发针对人类的治疗方法。许多研究使用电击应激，且大多数使用雄性大鼠。这些实验比较了暴露于束缚应激（RS）或环境温度游泳应激（SS）的雌性和雄性大鼠，每种应激源设置了两种时长，并设置了未受应激的对照组。测量了腹腔注射0.6 g/kg剂量乙醇（ETOH）的共济失调效应。给予ETOH后，雌性大鼠的共济失调症状比雄性大鼠轻。应激对ETOH诱导的共济失调没有显著影响。在应激前后还通过旷场试验（OFT）测量了探索行为。在应激前的旷场试验中，雌性比雄性更活跃。对于无应激组和较短时长应激组，在第一次和第二次旷场试验之间探索行为减少。然而，暴露于较长时长应激的组并未出现预期的探索行为减少。这项研究的一个关键发现是，虽然在基线时可能存在性别差异，但两性对应激的反应可能相似。这些数据扩展了关于应激、酒精反应性和探索行为中性别差异的知识。
