Nakashian Mary
J Am Med Womens Assoc (1972). 2002 Winter;57(1):36-7, 40.
The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 has forced welfare officials and substance abuse treatment providers to better understand the connections between substance abuse and welfare dependency. As a result, both are thinking differently about their policies and even their missions. Little is known about the true extent of substance abuse among welfare recipients, but estimates range from 2.7% to 22%. The current system of substance abuse treatment is poorly matched both to the needs of disadvantaged mothers and to the mandates of welfare reform. To help women achieve self-sufficiency, treatment programs must focus on the needs of women, address problems that often accompany substance abuse, attend to the needs of children, and emphasize work as an outcome of treatment. Welfare agencies must also change to meet their mandates; they must improve the tools and resources they offer staff, improve access and services for families, and align agency policies with new missions.
1996年的《个人责任与工作机会协调法案》迫使福利官员和药物滥用治疗提供者更好地理解药物滥用与福利依赖之间的联系。因此，双方对其政策乃至使命的思考方式都有所不同。对于福利领取者中药物滥用的真实程度，人们知之甚少，但估计范围在2.7%至22%之间。当前的药物滥用治疗体系与弱势母亲的需求以及福利改革的要求都不太匹配。为帮助女性实现自给自足，治疗项目必须关注女性的需求，解决药物滥用常伴随的问题，关注儿童的需求，并强调工作是治疗的成果。福利机构也必须做出改变以履行其职责；它们必须改进为工作人员提供的工具和资源，改善家庭的获取渠道和服务，并使机构政策与新使命保持一致。
