Cropp G J
Am Rev Respir Dis. 1975 Nov;112(5):599-605. doi: 10.1164/arrd.1975.112.5.599.
To evaluate the role of the parasympathetic nervous system in the mediation and maintenance of reversible airway obstruction in perennially asthmatic children, we measured pulmonary function in 18 patients before and after the administration of atropine sulfate aerosol. The bronchodilatory effects of atropine were compared with those of isoproterenol hydrochloride and placebo aerosols. Placebo aerosol did not change any of the pulmonary functions tested. Atropine and isoproterenol aerosols improved forced expiratory flows, airway resistance, and specific airway conductance significantly and to the same degree. Hyperinflation was significantly lessened by atropine, but not by isoproterenol. Because atropine is not a direct smooth muscle relaxant, but rather a selective blocker of cholinergically induced smooth muscle tone, any significant improvement in the lung function of chronically asthmatic children by atropine suggests that at least some of their reversible airway obstruction is induced and maintained by parasympathetically mediated bronchial smooth muscle constriction.
为评估副交感神经系统在常年性哮喘儿童可逆性气道阻塞的介导和维持中的作用，我们测量了18例患者在使用硫酸阿托品气雾剂前后的肺功能。将阿托品的支气管扩张作用与盐酸异丙肾上腺素气雾剂和安慰剂气雾剂的作用进行了比较。安慰剂气雾剂未改变所测试的任何肺功能。阿托品气雾剂和异丙肾上腺素气雾剂均显著改善了用力呼气流量、气道阻力和比气道传导率，且改善程度相同。阿托品可显著减轻肺过度充气，但异丙肾上腺素则无此作用。由于阿托品不是直接的平滑肌松弛剂，而是胆碱能诱导的平滑肌张力的选择性阻滞剂，因此阿托品使慢性哮喘儿童的肺功能有任何显著改善，都表明他们至少部分可逆性气道阻塞是由副交感神经介导的支气管平滑肌收缩所诱导和维持的。
