Portela Agustín, Digard Paul
División de Productos Biológicos y Biotecnología, Agencia Española del Medicamento, Majadahonda 28220, Madrid, Spain1.
Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK2.
J Gen Virol. 2002 Apr;83(Pt 4):723-734. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-83-4-723.
All viruses with negative-sense RNA genomes encode a single-strand RNA-binding nucleoprotein (NP). The primary function of NP is to encapsidate the virus genome for the purposes of RNA transcription, replication and packaging. The purpose of this review is to illustrate using the influenza virus NP as a well-studied example that the molecule is much more than a structural RNA-binding protein, but also functions as a key adapter molecule between virus and host cell processes. It does so through the ability to interact with a wide variety of viral and cellular macromolecules, including RNA, itself, two subunits of the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and the viral matrix protein. NP also interacts with cellular polypeptides, including actin, components of the nuclear import and export apparatus and a nuclear RNA helicase. The evidence for the existence of each of these activities and their possible roles in transcription, replication and intracellular trafficking of the virus genome is considered.
所有具有负链RNA基因组的病毒都编码一种单链RNA结合核蛋白（NP）。NP的主要功能是包裹病毒基因组，以进行RNA转录、复制和包装。本综述的目的是通过流感病毒NP这个经过充分研究的例子来说明，该分子不仅仅是一种结构性RNA结合蛋白，还作为病毒与宿主细胞过程之间的关键衔接分子发挥作用。它通过与多种病毒和细胞大分子相互作用来实现这一点，这些大分子包括RNA、其自身、病毒RNA依赖性RNA聚合酶的两个亚基以及病毒基质蛋白。NP还与细胞多肽相互作用，包括肌动蛋白、核输入和输出装置的成分以及一种核RNA解旋酶。本文考虑了这些活性各自存在的证据及其在病毒基因组转录、复制和细胞内运输中的可能作用。
