Nogueira S A, Lambert J S, Albuquerque A L, Rodrigues R, Reis S, Bornia R, Dias M, Barbosa R, Sztanjbock D, Santos A L, Blattner W, Constantine N T
Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
J Hum Virol. 2001 Sep-Oct;4(5):278-82.
To use two rapid human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) tests at labor, measure test acceptance and performance, and measure HIV prevalence in these women.
Between February and October 2000, two rapid tests (Determine; Abbott, Chicago, IL, U.S.A. and Double Check; Orgenics, Yavne, Israel) were used in three public maternities in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot (WB) analysis confirmed positive and discordant results.
Of the 858 patients who were enrolled, the mean gestational age was 36 weeks (median = 39, mode = 40) and 17 (2%) refused testing. Of the 841 patients tested, 13 were positive by both tests, which represents a 1.5% prevalence (95% confidence interval: 0.7%-2.3%); all were confirmed by ELISA and WB analysis. Seven samples gave discordant results by the rapid tests; of these, six were ELISA-negative/WB-negative and one was ELISA-negative/WB-indeterminate. The positive predictive value for samples that were positive by both rapid tests simultaneously was 100%.
Two rapid HIV tests used at labor were well accepted (98%). When the combined results of the two rapid tests (but not a single rapid test) were analyzed, this strategy was as efficient as the standard ELISA and WB HIV strategy for correctly classifying individuals.
在分娩时使用两种快速人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）检测方法，评估检测的接受度和性能，并测定这些女性中的HIV流行率。
2000年2月至10月期间，在巴西里约热内卢的三家公立妇产医院使用了两种快速检测方法（Determine；美国伊利诺伊州芝加哥的雅培公司生产，以及Double Check；以色列亚夫内的奥根尼克斯公司生产）。酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）和免疫印迹（WB）分析用于确认阳性和不一致的结果。
在纳入的858名患者中，平均孕周为36周（中位数=39，众数=40），17名（2%）拒绝检测。在接受检测的841名患者中，两种检测均为阳性的有13名，流行率为1.5%（95%置信区间：0.7%-2.3%）；所有结果均经ELISA和WB分析确认。7个样本的快速检测结果不一致；其中，6个为ELISA阴性/WB阴性，1个为ELISA阴性/WB不确定。两种快速检测同时呈阳性的样本的阳性预测值为100%。
分娩时使用的两种快速HIV检测方法接受度良好（98%）。当分析两种快速检测的联合结果（而非单一快速检测结果）时，该策略在正确分类个体方面与标准的ELISA和WB HIV检测策略一样有效。
