Ullrich Karin, Krudwig Wilfried K, Witzel Ulrich
Kreiskrankenhaus, Eichelbach 9, 98574 Schmalkalden, Germany.
Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2002 Mar;10(2):86-90. doi: 10.1007/s00167-001-0268-5. Epub 2002 Jan 31.
This study examined ten human adult cadaveric knees to dissect the popliteus muscle-tendon unit (PMTU), including its numerous attachments to other posterior and posterolateral structures, and to determine the effect of tensioning the PMTU on the internal and external rotation, total rotational arcs, and neutral tibial rotation in full extension and 30 degrees, 60 degrees, and 90 degrees of knee flexion. The junction between the popliteus tendon and the fibular head commonly described as the popliteofibular ligament became lax in internal and tense in external tibial rotation. The internal and external rotational arcs increased gradually between extension and 90 degrees of flexion. Tensioning the PMTU resulted in a statistically highly significant internal tibial rotation with decreased internal and increased rotational arcs. The anatomical findings and functional data indicate that the PMTU is an important structure maintaining dorsolateral stability, stabilizing the lateral meniscus, and balancing the neutral tibial rotation.
本研究对10具成年人体尸体膝关节进行了检查，以解剖腘肌肌腱单元（PMTU），包括其与其他后方和后外侧结构的众多附着点，并确定拉紧PMTU对全膝关节伸展以及膝关节屈曲30度、60度和90度时的内旋和外旋、总旋转弧以及胫骨中立旋转的影响。腘肌腱与腓骨头之间的连接处通常被称为腘腓韧带，在胫骨内旋时松弛，在胫骨外旋时紧张。在膝关节伸展至90度屈曲的过程中，内旋和外旋弧逐渐增加。拉紧PMTU会导致胫骨显著内旋，同时内旋弧减小，外旋弧增加。解剖学发现和功能数据表明，PMTU是维持背外侧稳定性、稳定外侧半月板以及平衡胫骨中立旋转的重要结构。
