Eisemann M L, Sharma G K
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg (1979). 1979 Nov-Dec;87(6):892-7. doi: 10.1177/019459987908700626.
The Wildervanck syndrome consists of the Klippel-Feil deformity of the spine, eyeball retraction, lateral gaze weakness, and hearing loss. Conductive hearing loss, as well as a more frequently occurring sensorineural hearing loss, is caused by dysplasia of the inner ear. Typically, polytomograms demonstrate a bulbous vestibule and dilated lateral semicircular canals with basilar impression of the skull. The Duane's eyeball retraction phenomenon completes the syndrome; this may be explained either by misdirected innervation of the extraocular muscles or by atrophy or fibrosis of the lateral rectus muscles.
怀尔德万克综合征包括脊柱的克利佩尔-费尔畸形、眼球回缩、外展肌无力和听力丧失。传导性听力丧失以及更常见的感音神经性听力丧失是由内耳发育异常引起的。通常，断层摄影显示球囊状前庭和扩张的外侧半规管，伴有颅骨基底凹陷。杜安眼球回缩现象完善了该综合征；这可能是由于眼外肌神经支配异常或外直肌萎缩或纤维化所致。
