Jagtman B A, van Ginkel C J
Afdeling Dermatologie, Ziekenhuizen Noord-Limburg te Venlo, Postbus 1926, 5900 BX Venlo.
Ned Tijdschr Tandheelkd. 1999 Jun;106(6):219-21.
Skin reactions due to the use of latex examination gloves occur frequently in dental practice. They consist of immediate type I allergy to natural latex protein, type IV delayed hypersensitivity to rubber additives and irritant dermatitis. Type I allergy to latex protein can cause contact urticaria, angioedema, rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma in the dentist, the dental assistant and also in the patient. Exceptionally, latex allergy can cause a life-threatening anaphylactic reaction. Cross reactions to tropical fruit can occur in the latex allergic patient. Type IV allergy causes allergic contact dermatitis. Rubber additives are also present in synthetic rubber. Glove advice for latex allergic patients are presented.
在牙科诊疗中，因使用乳胶检查手套而导致的皮肤反应屡见不鲜。这些反应包括对天然乳胶蛋白的速发型I型过敏、对橡胶添加剂的IV型迟发型超敏反应以及刺激性皮炎。对乳胶蛋白的I型过敏可在牙医、牙科助理以及患者身上引发接触性荨麻疹、血管性水肿、鼻结膜炎和哮喘。极少数情况下，乳胶过敏会引发危及生命的过敏反应。乳胶过敏患者可能会出现对热带水果的交叉反应。IV型过敏会导致过敏性接触性皮炎。合成橡胶中也存在橡胶添加剂。文中给出了针对乳胶过敏患者的手套使用建议。
