Buck M
Environ Qual Saf. 1975;4:7-23.
Since 1963, air quality in the Rhine-Ruhr-area, one of the largest agglomerations of industry, population, and traffic in Europe, is systematically monitored and the levels are documented in the form of on air pollution cataster. The surveilled area comprises about 5000 km2. Within the first years, measurements were made with the air pollutants sulphur dioxide and dust fall out. Later, the following air pollutants were included into the monitoring program: Hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen chloride, suspended particles, as well as the determination of total organic substances. In smaller regions within the surveilled area, measurements of the following air polutants were made, too: Nitrogen monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, hydrogen sulphide, carbon disulphide, benzene, phenol, carbon monixide, oxidants, as well as determinations of lead, cadmium, and zinc content in suspended particles and dust fall out. Besides the demonstration of the tasks within the air quality monitoring program, the projection as well as the execution of air pollution measurements are discussed. Definitions of impact characteristics and the adjusted legal air quality standards are given in more detail. Finally, an evaluation of the results of this monitoring program is given for each pollutant. Furthermore, the trends of air pollution and its causes since the beginning of air quality monitoring in 1963 are evaluated.
自1963年以来，莱茵-鲁尔地区（欧洲最大的工业、人口和交通集聚区之一）的空气质量受到系统监测，其水平以空气污染地图的形式记录下来。监测区域面积约为5000平方公里。在最初几年，对空气污染物二氧化硫和降尘进行了测量。后来，以下空气污染物被纳入监测计划：氟化氢、氯化氢、悬浮颗粒以及总有机物质的测定。在监测区域内的较小区域，也对以下空气污染物进行了测量：一氧化氮、二氧化氮、硫化氢、二硫化碳、苯、苯酚、一氧化碳、氧化剂，以及悬浮颗粒和降尘中铅、镉和锌含量的测定。除了展示空气质量监测计划中的任务外，还讨论了空气污染测量的规划和实施。更详细地给出了影响特征的定义和调整后的法定空气质量标准。最后，针对每种污染物给出了该监测计划结果的评估。此外，还评估了自1963年空气质量监测开始以来的空气污染趋势及其成因。
