重温《狱中蓝调》。
Jailhouse Blues revisited.
作者信息
Frottier P, Frühwald S, Ritter K, Eher R, Schwärzler J, Bauer P
机构信息
Department of Social Psychiatry, University Hospital Vienna, Austria.
出版信息
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2002 Feb;37(2):68-73. doi: 10.1007/s127-002-8217-7.
BACKGROUND
Over the past decades a number of studies have appeared on suicide among persons in jail and prison remand settings, and sentenced prisoners. In these papers contradictory views concerning the relation between suicide risk and length of custody were published.
METHODS
This article reports on a study that investigated all suicides (n=206) in all 29 Austrian jails and prisons between 1975 and 1996. The authors demonstrate the necessity to calculate the hazard that reflects the suicide risk in relation to time.
RESULTS
The results suggest three different periods of high suicide risk: immediately after admission and 2 months thereafter for prisoners on remand; for long-term prisoners the suicide risk correlates with the length of the sentence and slightly increases with the time of custody.
CONCLUSIONS
With this knowledge, suicide prevention programmes in prisons and jails could be made more effective and economic.
背景
在过去几十年里，已经出现了许多关于监狱拘留所和还押候审场所人员以及被判刑囚犯自杀情况的研究。在这些论文中，发表了关于自杀风险与拘留时长之间关系的相互矛盾的观点。
方法
本文报道了一项对1975年至1996年间奥地利所有29所监狱和拘留所中的所有自杀事件（n = 206）进行调查的研究。作者证明了计算反映自杀风险与时间关系的风险率的必要性。
结果
结果表明存在三个不同的高自杀风险期：还押候审囚犯在入狱后立即及此后两个月；对于长期囚犯，自杀风险与刑期长度相关，并随拘留时间略有增加。
结论
有了这些认识，监狱和拘留所的自杀预防计划可以变得更有效和更经济。
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