Gralak M A, Leontowicz H, Leontowicz M, Debski B
Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw Agricultural University, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-787 Warszawa, Poland.
Pol J Vet Sci. 2002;5(1):43-6.
Leguminous seeds contain a lot of antinutritional factors (ANFs) such as protease inhibitors, lectins and condensed tannins which can affect bioavailability of nutrients. Detrimental effect of protease inhibitors can be decreased by sulphur amino acids addition. Moreover, most of the leguminous ANFs are thermolabile. Hence, legumes tested in our study were extruded and/or diets were supplemented with methionine and cystine (0.15% + 0.15%). The present experiment was performed for 28 days on 90 Wistar rats divided into nine feeding groups. Semipurified diets (10% casein) were supplemented (10%), except the control one, with soybean (S) or faba bean (F), raw (R) or extruded (E), with addition of sulphur amino acids (SAA) or without them. The Cr concentration was determined in the femur bone. Total feed intake during whole trial widely varied among the groups and was the lowest in SR (289 g) and FR (294 g) groups. There was no correlation between feed intake and Cr content in the femur bone. Generally, 10% soybean in the diet decreased Cr concentration in the bones, and faba bean increased it. The SAA addition to diets generally increased femur Cr content. However, there was a significant interaction between SAA supplementation and extrusion of faba bean, hence, the effect of their combination was unclear.
豆科种子含有许多抗营养因子（ANFs），如蛋白酶抑制剂、凝集素和缩合单宁，这些会影响营养物质的生物利用率。添加含硫氨基酸可降低蛋白酶抑制剂的有害作用。此外，大多数豆科抗营养因子对热不稳定。因此，我们研究中测试的豆类进行了挤压处理，并且/或者在日粮中添加了蛋氨酸和胱氨酸（0.15% + 0.15%）。本实验在90只Wistar大鼠上进行了28天，将其分为九个饲喂组。除对照组外，半纯化日粮（10%酪蛋白）添加了10%的大豆（S）或蚕豆（F），生的（R）或挤压的（E），添加或不添加含硫氨基酸（SAA）。测定了股骨中的铬浓度。整个试验期间的总采食量在各组间差异很大，在SR（289克）和FR（294克）组中最低。采食量与股骨中的铬含量之间没有相关性。一般来说，日粮中10%的大豆会降低骨骼中的铬浓度，而蚕豆则会增加铬浓度。日粮中添加含硫氨基酸通常会增加股骨中的铬含量。然而，添加含硫氨基酸与蚕豆挤压之间存在显著的交互作用，因此，它们组合的效果尚不清楚。
