Scharfman Helen E
Center for Neural Recovery and Rehabilitation Research, Helen Hayes Hospital, West Haverstraw, NY 10993-1195, USA.
Neuroscientist. 2002 Apr;8(2):154-73. doi: 10.1177/107385840200800211.
Epilepsy is a devastating disease affecting more than 1% of the population. Yet, if one considers the neurobiological substrates of this disease, what is revealed is an array of phenomenon that exemplify the remarkable capacity for the brain to change its basic structure and function, that is, neural plasticity. Some of these alterations are transient and merely impressive for their extent, or for their robust nature across animal models and human epilepsy. Others are notable for their persistence, often enduring for months or years. As an example, the dentate gyrus, and specifically the principal cell of the dentate gyrus, the granule cell, is highlighted. This area of the brain and this particular cell type, for reasons that are currently unclear, hold an uncanny capacity to change after seizures. For those interested in plasticity, it is suggested that perhaps the best examples for studying plasticity lie in the field of epilepsy.
癫痫是一种严重的疾病，影响着超过1%的人口。然而，如果考虑这种疾病的神经生物学基础，所揭示的是一系列现象，这些现象例证了大脑改变其基本结构和功能的显著能力，即神经可塑性。其中一些改变是短暂的，仅因其程度或在动物模型和人类癫痫中的强大性质而令人印象深刻。其他改变则因其持久性而引人注目，通常会持续数月或数年。例如，齿状回，特别是齿状回的主要细胞——颗粒细胞，受到了关注。由于目前尚不清楚的原因，大脑的这个区域和这种特定的细胞类型在癫痫发作后具有不可思议的变化能力。对于那些对可塑性感兴趣的人来说，有人认为，也许研究可塑性的最佳例子存在于癫痫领域。
