[Genetic aspects of Alzheimer disease].

BACKGROUND

To supply relevant information about the genetics of Alzheimer's disease.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Data from the literature (Medline) and personal experiences.

RESULTS

Two well-known risks for developing Alzheimer's disease are established: advanced age and genetic factors. Mutations linked to autosomal dominant familial Alzheimer's disease are known in chromosomes 21, 14 and 1. A non-mendelian Alzheimer's disease with complex aetiology is linked to the apolipoprotein E in chromosome 19.

INTERPRETATION

Children of patients with Alzheimer's disease have a three to four fold increased risk of developing the disease compared to a person without a parent with Alzheimer's disease. The diagnostic benefit of apolipoprotein E genotyping is still uncertain.