Salerno F G, Guido P, Spanevello A
Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri-IRCCS, Istituto Scientifico di Cassano delle Murge, Divisione di Pneumologia Riabilitativa, Via Per Mercadante Km 2, 70020, Cassano Murge, BA, Italy.
Monaldi Arch Chest Dis. 2001 Dec;56(6):504-7.
Asthma is characterized by increased airway responsiveness and airway inflammation. Airway hyperresponsiveness may be caused by increased airway smooth muscle contractility or by a decrease in the mechanical load that opposes airway smooth muscle contraction. Under static conditions, the equilibrium between contractility and load will determine the final airway smooth muscle length and therefore airway caliber. Because of tidal breathing, however, lungs normally function under dynamic conditions where both airway contractility and opposing load are affected. The capability of tidal breathing to appropriately modulate airway function might be the mechanism that differentiates airways of asthmatics from those of normal subjects.
哮喘的特征是气道反应性增加和气道炎症。气道高反应性可能由气道平滑肌收缩力增加或对抗气道平滑肌收缩的机械负荷降低引起。在静态条件下，收缩力与负荷之间的平衡将决定最终的气道平滑肌长度，进而决定气道口径。然而，由于潮式呼吸，肺通常在动态条件下发挥功能，此时气道收缩力和对抗负荷都会受到影响。潮式呼吸适当调节气道功能的能力可能是区分哮喘患者气道与正常受试者气道的机制。
