Kubo Keitaro, Kawakami Y, Kanehisa H, Fukunaga T
Department of Life Science (Sports Sciences), University of Tokyo, Komaba 3-8-1, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2002 Feb;12(1):3-8. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0838.2002.120102.x.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the viscoelastic properties of tendon structures in humans. Elongation of the tendon and aponeurosis of medial gastrocnemius muscle (MG) was directly measured by ultrasonography, while subjects (n=19) performed ramp isometric plantar flexion up to the voluntary maximum, followed by a ramp relaxation. The relationship between tendon elongation (L) and estimated muscle force (Fm) was fitted to a linear regression, the slope of which was defined as compliance of the tendon structures. The hysteresis was calculated as the ratio of the area within the L-Fm loop (elastic energy dissipated) to the area beneath the load portion of the curve (elastic energy input). The resulting L-Fm relationship was non-linear in form, as previously reported on animal and human tendons in vitro. The mean compliance was 4.5+/-1.1. 10-2 mm/N. However, there was a considerable inter-subject variability (2.9 to 7.2. 10-2 mm/N). The Young's modulus, i.e., the slope of the stress-strain curve, was 280 MPa, which tended to be lower than the previously reported values for human tendons. It was also found that the strain of the tendon structures was homogeneously distributed along their length. The mean hysteresis (energy dissipation) was 22.2+/-8.8%. However, again there was a considerable inter-subject variability (9.7 to 37.2%). The present results indicated that the tendon structures of human MG were considerably compliant and their hysteresis was in accordance with previously reported values.
本研究的目的是调查人类肌腱结构的粘弹性特性。在受试者（n = 19）进行斜坡等长跖屈直至自主最大程度，随后进行斜坡放松时，通过超声直接测量腓肠肌内侧头（MG）肌腱和腱膜的伸长情况。将肌腱伸长（L）与估计的肌肉力量（Fm）之间的关系拟合为线性回归，其斜率定义为肌腱结构的顺应性。滞后现象通过L - Fm环内的面积（消散的弹性能量）与曲线加载部分下方的面积（输入的弹性能量）之比来计算。如先前在动物和人体肌腱体外研究中所报道的那样，所得的L - Fm关系在形式上是非线性的。平均顺应性为4.5±1.1×10⁻² mm/N。然而，个体间存在相当大的变异性（2.9至7.2×10⁻² mm/N）。杨氏模量，即应力 - 应变曲线的斜率，为280 MPa，往往低于先前报道的人体肌腱值。还发现肌腱结构的应变沿其长度均匀分布。平均滞后现象（能量消散）为22.2±8.8%。然而，个体间同样存在相当大的变异性（9.7至37.2%）。目前的结果表明，人类MG的肌腱结构具有相当大的顺应性，其滞后现象与先前报道的值一致。
