Tan Yinghui, Zhou Shuxia, Jiang Hetian
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.
J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2002 May;60(5):552-6; discussion 557-8. doi: 10.1053/joms.2002.31854.
In this experiment, we studied the craniocerebral injury that occurs due to the transmission of forces when maxillofacial gunshot wounds are sustained by the facial bones and cranium.
Forty fresh pigs' heads were wounded by one of the following methods: steel spheres weighing 1.03 g at an impact velocity of 1,400 m/s, steel spheres weighing 1.03 g at an impact velocity of 800 m/s, M193 military bullets, or M56 military bullets. Pressure waves in the brain, acceleration of the head, and stress changes in the facial bones and cranium at the moment of the impact were recorded by pressure and acceleration transducers and strain gauges and were statistically compared.
Some obvious differences between the mechanical values obtained from high-and low-velocity missile wounds were found. A negative relationship between the peak value of the pressure wave in the brain and the distance from the point of impact to the transducer was obtained. The acceleration of the head in the direction of the ballistic path was the strongest in absolute value. There were differences in the stress values between the mandible and the temporal bone.
Acceleration of the head, pressure wave changes in the brain, and injury from bony stress conduction all play important roles in associated craniocerebral damage after maxillofacial firearm wounds.
在本实验中，我们研究了面部骨骼和颅骨遭受颌面枪伤时，由于力的传递而导致的颅脑损伤。
40个新鲜猪头采用以下方法之一致伤：1.03克钢球以1400米/秒的撞击速度、1.03克钢球以800米/秒的撞击速度、M193军用子弹或M56军用子弹。在撞击瞬间，通过压力和加速度传感器以及应变片记录大脑中的压力波、头部加速度以及面部骨骼和颅骨的应力变化，并进行统计学比较。
发现高速和低速导弹伤所获得的力学值之间存在一些明显差异。大脑中压力波的峰值与撞击点到传感器的距离呈负相关。头部在弹道方向上的加速度绝对值最大。下颌骨和颞骨的应力值存在差异。
头部加速度、大脑中的压力波变化以及骨应力传导造成的损伤在颌面火器伤后相关的颅脑损伤中均起重要作用。
