Losev N A, Eliseev V V, Sapronov N S, Krylova I B, Evdokimova N R
Patol Fiziol Eksp Ter. 2002 Jan-Mar(1):14-6.
Occlusion of the left coronary artery in rats provoked ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF) within the first 30 min of ischemia leading to death in 20% animals. Methacin (i.v., 100 micrograms/kg) significantly prolonged VT and VF without effects on the survival. Acetylcholine (i.v., 10 micrograms/kg/min) had no influence on VT frequency and severity but prevented VF. Rats from this group survived. The same effect was observed for neostigmine (i.v., 25 micrograms/kg). Nicotine (i.v., 2.5 micrograms/kg/min) prolonged VT episode duration but did not change frequency and severity of VF and survival. Ganglioblockers hexametony and azametony (i.v., both in a dose 500 micrograms/kg) significantly attenuated VT, prevented VF and death of the animals. Thus, cholinotropic drugs may have both antiarrhythmic and proarrhythmogenic effects in early arrhythmias induced by ischemia.
大鼠左冠状动脉闭塞在缺血的最初30分钟内引发室性心动过速（VT）和室颤（VF），导致20%的动物死亡。消炎痛（静脉注射，100微克/千克）显著延长VT和VF，但对存活率无影响。乙酰胆碱（静脉注射，10微克/千克/分钟）对VT的频率和严重程度无影响，但可预防VF。该组大鼠存活。新斯的明（静脉注射，25微克/千克）也观察到相同效果。尼古丁（静脉注射，2.5微克/千克/分钟）延长VT发作持续时间，但不改变VF的频率、严重程度及存活率。神经节阻滞剂六甲双铵和阿扎环铵（静脉注射，剂量均为500微克/千克）显著减轻VT，预防VF及动物死亡。因此，在缺血诱导的早期心律失常中，拟胆碱药物可能具有抗心律失常和促心律失常两种作用。
