Burgess G E
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1975 Nov 15;123(6):577-9. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(75)90878-9.
The aspiration of regurgitated or vomited gastric contents is the most common cause of maternal deaths associated with anesthetics, causing an estimated 2 per cent of all maternal deaths in the United States. The incidence of aspiration is estimated to be one of every 430 patients who undergo cesarean section with general anesthesia. The pulmonary complications of aspiration are improved or avoided if the pH of the gastric contents is higher than 2.50. The oral administration of 30 c.c. of magnesium trisilicate has been shown to increase the pH of the gastric contents to above 2.50 in 100 per cent of treated patients, whereas only 60 per cent of the control group were found to have a pH above 2.50. Oral preoperative or predelivery antacid therapy may help to eliminate the morbidity and deaths secondary to aspiration and as such may be an adjuvant to, but not a substitute for, the safe management of the obstetric patient.
反流或呕吐的胃内容物误吸是与麻醉相关的孕产妇死亡的最常见原因，在美国估计占所有孕产妇死亡的2%。误吸发生率估计为每430例接受全身麻醉剖宫产的患者中就有1例。如果胃内容物的pH值高于2.50，误吸的肺部并发症会得到改善或避免。已证明口服30立方厘米三硅酸镁可使100%接受治疗的患者胃内容物pH值升至2.50以上，而对照组只有60%的患者pH值高于2.50。术前或分娩前口服抗酸剂治疗可能有助于消除误吸继发的发病和死亡，因此可能是产科患者安全管理的辅助手段，但不能替代。
