Roberts R B, Shirley M A
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1976 Mar 15;124(6):611-7. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(76)90063-6.
Aspiration of gastric contents is the commonest cause of maternal anesthetic death. If the pH of the contents is below 2.5, morbidity and mortality rates are likely to be higher than if the pH is above 2.5. A study of 146 patients in labor shows that one in four patients is "at risk" to acid aspiration. No time interval between last mean and either onset of labor or delivery can guarantee an empty stomach. The use of oral antacids during labor reduces the number at risk to 1 in 35. Other methods by which the obstetrician may contribute to reducing the risk are discussed.
误吸胃内容物是产妇麻醉死亡的最常见原因。如果胃内容物的pH值低于2.5，发病率和死亡率可能高于pH值高于2.5时。一项对146名分娩患者的研究表明，四分之一的患者有酸误吸“风险”。末次进食至临产或分娩之间的任何时间间隔都不能保证胃是空的。分娩期间使用口服抗酸剂可将有风险的人数降至三十五分之一。文中还讨论了产科医生可有助于降低风险的其他方法。
