Lange M, Pagotto U, Renner U, Arzberger T, Oeckler R, Stalla G K
Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany.
Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 2002 May;110(3):103-12. doi: 10.1055/s-2002-29086.
The different members of the endothelin peptide family exhibit potent, long-lasting vasoconstrictive effects and thus play a central role in blood pressure regulation. However, endothelins have also been shown to modulate renal, cardiac and immune functions under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. In addition, endothelins are thought to be involved in the progression of some types of tumours. Soon after their discovery in 1988, it was shown that endothelins affect hormone release in the pituitary. Moreover, the intrapituitary production and expression of both endothelins and endothelin receptors have been described. This review summarises the present day knowledge concerning the expression and regulation of intrapituitary endothelins and their receptors. In addition, the effects of endothelins on hormone production by anterior, intermediate and posterior pituitary cell types are reviewed and their importance for pituitary physiology and pathophysiology is discussed.
内皮素肽家族的不同成员具有强大、持久的血管收缩作用，因此在血压调节中发挥核心作用。然而，内皮素在生理和病理生理条件下也被证明可调节肾脏、心脏和免疫功能。此外，内皮素被认为参与了某些类型肿瘤的进展。1988年内皮素被发现后不久，就表明内皮素会影响垂体激素的释放。此外，还描述了垂体内部内皮素及其受体的产生和表达。本综述总结了目前关于垂体内部内皮素及其受体的表达和调节的知识。此外，还综述了内皮素对垂体前叶、中间叶和后叶细胞类型激素产生的影响，并讨论了它们对垂体生理和病理生理的重要性。
