Schneider Karen M, Monga Manju, Kerrigan Anthony J
Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Texas Houston Medical School, Houston 77030, USA.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2002 May;186(5):907-9. doi: 10.1067/mob.2002.123408.
This study was designed to determine (1) occupational stress in a group of residents in obstetrics and gynecology, (2) whether occupational stress differs between years of training, and (3) whether there is seasonal variation in occupational stress.
The Occupational Stress Inventory was administered to the 44 residents in obstetrics and gynecology at our institution in September 1998. A subgroup of 24 residents were also asked to complete the occupational stress inventory in January and May 1999. T-scores of 40 to 59 are within the normal range; scores of > or =70 on the occupational role questionnaire or the psychologic strain questionnaire suggest significant maladaptive stress; scores of < or =30 on the personal resources questionnaire suggest a significant lack of coping skills. Kruskal-Wallis and repeated-measures analysis of variance were used when appropriate.
Forty residents completed the occupational stress inventory in September. The median T-score for each subscale was between 40 and 60. Eleven residents (27.5%) scored > or =70 on at least 1 subscale of the occupational role questionnaire. Three residents (7.5%) scored > or =70 on at least 1 subscale of the psychologic strain questionnaire. Seven residents (17.5%) scored < or =30 on at least 1 personal resources questionnaire subscale. There was no significant difference in occupational adjustment between resident level. In the 24 residents who were followed throughout the academic year, there was no significant difference in stress at different times of the years.
Occupational stress is relatively common in a group of residents in obstetrics and gynecology. There is no difference in occupational stress or personal coping skills between years of training, and there is no seasonal variation in the academic year.
本研究旨在确定（1）一组妇产科住院医师的职业压力；（2）职业压力在不同培训年份之间是否存在差异；（3）职业压力是否存在季节性变化。
1998年9月，对我院44名妇产科住院医师进行了职业压力量表测试。还要求24名住院医师组成的一个亚组在1999年1月和5月完成职业压力量表测试。T分数在40至59之间属于正常范围；职业角色问卷或心理压力问卷得分≥70表明存在明显的适应不良压力；个人资源问卷得分≤30表明明显缺乏应对技能。在适当的时候使用Kruskal-Wallis检验和重复测量方差分析。
40名住院医师在9月完成了职业压力量表测试。每个子量表的中位数T分数在40至60之间。11名住院医师（27.5%）在职业角色问卷的至少1个子量表上得分≥70。3名住院医师（7.5%）在心理压力问卷的至少1个子量表上得分≥70。7名住院医师（17.5%）在个人资源问卷的至少1个子量表上得分≤30。住院医师级别之间的职业适应没有显著差异。在整个学年接受随访的24名住院医师中，不同时间的压力没有显著差异。
职业压力在一组妇产科住院医师中相对普遍。不同培训年份之间的职业压力或个人应对技能没有差异，学年内也没有季节性变化。
