Uphoff H, Metzger C
Deutsches Grünes Kreuz, Stuttgart, Germany.
Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 2002 May 17;127(20):1096-101. doi: 10.1055/s-2002-30134.
Antiviral therapy against influenza requires the beginning of treatment within 36 to 48 h after the onset of symptoms. With the availability of the neuraminidase inhibitors which are effective against influenza A and B a rapid diagnosis of influenza is of increasing interest. A diagnosis during the first consultation would be ideal for treatment. This can be achieved with clinical diagnosis and with quick tests that can be conducted in the practice (point of care test). The costs of such virological examinations have to be considered in relation to the use of information they create. The cost benefit relation is discussed in relation with different epidemic situations. The benefit and additional information of tests for individual diagnosis is high when the incidence of influenza is low, while in periods with high incidences the clinical diagnosis alone appears sufficient.
抗流感病毒治疗需要在症状出现后的36至48小时内开始。随着对甲型和乙型流感有效的神经氨酸酶抑制剂的出现，快速诊断流感变得越来越重要。在首次就诊时进行诊断对治疗来说是理想的。这可以通过临床诊断以及在诊所能够进行的快速检测（即时检测）来实现。此类病毒学检测的成本必须与其所产生信息的用途相权衡。成本效益关系会结合不同的流行情况进行讨论。当流感发病率较低时，针对个体诊断的检测的益处和额外信息较高，而在发病率较高的时期，仅靠临床诊断似乎就足够了。
